Vol. 13 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia

View Vol. 13 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia

JFI Online Volume 13 Nomor 2, Juli 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35617/jfionline.v13i2
Published: 31-07-2021

Articles

  • Pengaruh Media Edukasi Terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Beyond Use Date

    Elsa Ignatia Veronica, Sherly Tandi Arrang, Dion Notario
    111-117
    Abstract: 739 | PDF 111-117 (Bahasa Indonesia): 939

    Abstract

    The stability of drug preparations is very important to maintain because it can affect the quality, effectiveness, and safety of these drug preparations. If the product's primary packaging is opened, the stability of the preparation is changed. The product's stability duration is correlated with the expiration date. The expiration date of the product after opened from its original packaging or mixed with other preparations is known as the beyond-use date (BUD). Research on the level of public knowledge about BUD still needs to be improved, and the results of several studies show that the community needs to learn and understand BUD. Therefore, a study was conducted to assess differences in the effectiveness of educational media (pocketbook and video) on knowledge related to BUD. Quasi-experimental research design with the type of pre-test & post-test two groups. The number of respondents in this research was 70, divided into two: pocketbooks (35 respondents) and videos (35 respondents). Based on the analysis results, it was found that there was a change in the respondents' knowledge after being given education. As many as 60% of respondents in the pocketbook group had insufficient knowledge before being given education, and after being given education, 74% of respondents had good knowledge (p=0.01). In the video group, there was an increase in the good knowledge respondent group; namely, before being given education, the number was 37%, increasing to 43% after being given education (p=0.01). The regression analysis showed that educational media significantly influenced respondents' knowledge related to BUD (p=0.04). The ducation with a pocketbook and video increases knowledge about BUD, but videos provide a better increase in knowledge.

  • Pengaruh Asuhan Kefarmasian Terhadap Outcome Klinis dan Kualitas Hidup pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

    Khairunnisa, Kiki Rawitri, Wiryanto, Sri Wahyuni
    118-128
    Abstract: 368 | PDF 118-128 (Bahasa Indonesia): 822

    Abstract

    The role of pharmacists in pharmaceutical care has been shown to improve therapeutic outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in various countries. This study aims to implementation of pharmaceutical care and determine its impact on clinical outcomes and quality of life of type 2 DM patients at the community pharmacies. This study used a comparative experimental method with a prospective cohort study design before and after intervention on 38 types 2 DM patients who met the inclusion criteria at one of the community pharmacies in Medan city in August-December 2020. Clinical outcome data included random blood glucose (RBG) levels and HbA1c values ​​were obtained from direct examination of the patient, and quality of life data was obtained using the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test and the Friedman test in the SPSS V22.0. program The results showed that the mean RBG value before the intervention was 278.58 ± 75.278 mg/dl and after the intervention, there was a decrease of 179.68 ± 14.008 mg/dl (α<0.05), the HbA1c value was 9.021 ± 1.029% to 8.368 ± 1.049% (α<0.05). There was a significant increase in the average quality of life index before the intervention from 0.849 ± 0.1266 and after the intervention to 0.967 ± 0.0657 (α <0.05). Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the implementation of pharmaceutical care had an impact on improving clinical outcomes and quality of life in type 2 DM patients at community pharmacy

  • Pengaruh Antioksidan dan Kombinasi Pengawet terhadap Stabilitas Ekstrak Cair NADES Biji Kopi Hijau

    Delly Ramadon, Rosalina Mesusi Septiani, Salsabila Nursyifa Putri, Abdul Mun'im
    129-145
    Abstract: 611 | PDF 129-145 (Bahasa Indonesia): 1249

    Abstract

    Green coffee beans (Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner) contain caffeine and chlorogenic acid which are beneficial for health. These two main ingredients can be extracted using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) in combination with the Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) method which is environmentally friendly. NADES can be used for extracting green coffee beans, but the solvent cannot be evaporated, thus the result is a liquid extract. During storage, liquid extracts are susceptible to oxidation and bacterial growth so that they can disrupt physical, chemical, and microbiological stabilities. In this study, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) was added as a synthetic antioxidant and a combination of methylparaben-propylparaben as preservative to determine its effect on the physical, chemical, and microbiological stability of the NADES liquid extract of green coffee beans, as well as to determine the best storage temperature. The concentrations of BHT added in this study were 10, 20, and 30 ppm. The concentration of the methyl paraben:propyl paraben combination added was 110:55 ppm, 100:50 ppm, and 90:45 ppm. Each extract was stored at storage temperatures of -20°C ± 5°C, 5°C ± 3°C, and 30°C ± 2°C for 54 days. The results showed that the liquid extract added with 30 ppm BHT concentration and a combination of preservatives with a concentration of 110:55 ppm and stored at a storage with the temperature of -20°C ± 5°C which had the best physical, chemical, and microbiological stability. This shows that the addition of BHT and a combination of preservatives can increase the stability of the green coffee bean NADES extract.

  • Eksplorasi Efek Etanol Terhadap Survival dan Status Imunitas Drosophila melanogaster

    Reski Amalia Rosa, Nadila Pratiwi Latada, Asbah Asbah, Ahmad Mu'arif, Risfah Yulianty, Firzan Nainu
    146-153
    Abstract: 604 | PDF 146-153 (Bahasa Indonesia): 873

    Abstract

    : High doses of ethanol in the body can elicit damage to organs including the brain, liver and kidneys. In addition, ethanol can trigger the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), where excess levels of ROS in the body can promote cell death through the apoptotic pathway. Apoptotic cells that are not phagocytosed will undergo necrosis. In the process of necrosis, cells release DAMPs, endogenous pro-inflammatory molecules and induce the core immune system in Drosophila that are homologues to humans, namely Toll, IMD (Immune Deficiency), and JAK-STAT (Janus Tyrosine Kinase-Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription). The aim of this research is to investigate how ethanol exposure influences gene expression in the Toll, Imd, and JAK-STAT pathways. The results showed that ethanol could affect the survival rate of male and female Drosophila melanogaster w1118. Exposure to ethanol at high concentrations (85%) caused a decrease in the expression of Drs, but not the expression of the Dpt. In addition, TotA expression, but not Upd3, was amplified significantly as the ethanol concentration increased. In conclusion, Drosophila experienced a decrease in the survival rate due to ethanol exposure which might be related to the stress response and the immune system which is mediated by certain pathways.

  • Karakterisasi Morfologis dan Molekuler Varietas Kedelai (Glycine max) untuk Identifikasi Bahan Baku Obat Tradisional

    Fuad Soegibudiono Wiradjaja, Oeke Yunita
    154-164
    Abstract: 326 | PDF 154-164 (Bahasa Indonesia): 370

    Abstract

    Many nutrients and active medicinal compounds in soybean (Glycine max) reduce the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, postmenopausal issues, diabetes, and some neurodegenerative disorders. Soybean protein causes several allergic reactions, which necessitates quality control for traditional medicines and herbal products. Morphological and molecular characterization using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method were used to control soybean quality. Morphological characterization of 35 soybean varieties from the Research Institute for Various Beans and Tubers (BALITKABI), Malang, East Java, included photos of each variety and seed size, color, hilum color, weight, and special characteristics. RAPD with OPF-3 and OPF-16 primers characterized 35 soybean seed varieties. This study found that morphological characteristics like seed color, hilum color, seed shape, and seed weight are difficult to use to distinguish between varieties, especially if there are no specific features that predominate in these varieties. However, molecular authentication with RAPD can distinguish 35 soybean varieties by the presence of specific polymorphic bands that can only be found in certain varieties.

  • LC-MS Ekstrak Herba Anggrek Macan (Grammatophyllum scriptum (Lindl.)) Bl. serta Uji Aktivitas Sitotoksik LC-MS of Grammatophyllum scriptum (Lindl.)Bl. and Cytoxic Activity Test

    Christina de Fretes, Eva Simaremare, Elsye Gunawan, Verena Agustini, Yusuf Eka Maulana, Nabila Nur Fadhilah
    165-173
    Abstract: 282 | PDF 165-173 (Bahasa Indonesia): 1222

    Abstract

    Tiger orchid (Grammatophyllum scriptum (Lindl.) Bl.) It is one of the plants that are favored among the community as ornamental plants because of its beautiful flowers. Tiger orchids have secondary metabolite compounds of alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins that can be used as traditional medicine. However, research on tiger orchids in the field of pharmacology is still very limited. The purpose of this study is to find out the content of chemical compounds contained in the herb extract of tiger orchids (Grammatophyllum scriptum (Lindl.) Bl.) as well as LC₅₀ and concentration of tiger orchid herb extract (Grammatophyllum scriptum (Lindl.) Bl.) It most effectively kills shrimp larvae (Artemia salina Leach.). The sample used was sampled using 96% ethanol. Tiger orchid (Grammatophyllum scriptum (Lindl.) Bl.) pregnant 2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methoxy-dihydrochalcone, apigenin-7-O-α-L-rhamnose(1→4)-6"-O-acetyl-β-D-glucoside, kushenol H, rubrofusarin, 3-hydroxy baicalein and luteolin obtained from the results of the analysis using Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS). The results showed that the herb extract of tiger orchid (Grammatophyllum scriptum (Lindl.) Bl.) has cytotoxic activity with an LC₅₀ value of 150.96 ppm.

  • Studi Literatur Bahan yang Memengaruhi Waktu Larut Tablet Effervescent Sediaan Herbal

    Reynelda Juliani Sagala, Putriana Rachmawati, Pretty F.A Kambira
    174-184
    Abstract: 493 | PDF 174-182 (Bahasa Indonesia): 2484

    Abstract

    The effervescent tablet is an alternative dosage form to deliver the active pharmaceutical ingredients or natural products for therapeutic effects. Moreover, this dosage form is also used in the food industry for nutritional drinks. The tablet is preferred because of its practicality, improve water solubility, refreshing taste, and more easily absorbed than the conventional tablet. Tablet’s water dissolving time in the medium will affect the rate and amount of active ingredients. The disintegrating time of effervescent tablets is affected by the concentration of both acid and base elements, the tablet binder’s concentration (PVP), the interaction between citric acid and tartaric acid, and the concentration of the base element, the water content over the tablet, and the lubricant’s variation. The acid will affect the disintegration time however its imbalance will decrease the freshness. Therefore, an optimal balance of the base and acid element is required to make an effervescent tablet with a good disintegration time and an appropriate refreshing taste.

  • Potensi Penghambatan Sel Kanker Paru dari Ekstrak Davallia denticulata

    Rudi Hendra, Muhammad Afham, Rohimatul Khodijah
    185-190
    Abstract: 321 | PDF 185-190 (Bahasa Indonesia): 509

    Abstract

    An epiphytic fern known as Davalia denticulata, which is a member of the Davalliaceae family, grows on oil palm. It has been reported that several different species within this genus have been used as anticancer agents, antimicrobial agents, and antioxidants. However, there has been no report of any biological activity associated with this species. As a result, the purpose of this study was to extract secondary metabolites and assess the cytotoxicity of the extracts. The maceration method was used to extract this plant with a variety of solvents (methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane), and the MTS assay was utilized to determine the cytotoxicity of this plant in relation to lung cancer (A549 cell line). According to the findings, the extracts exhibited a wide variety of activity toward the A549 cell line. The IC50 for the activity of the ethyl acetate extract was found to be 317.59 ppm, whereas the IC50s for the water and n-hexane extracts were 575.41 and 806.06 ppm, respectively. These observations allow for a better understanding of the cytotoxicity of the species, which can then serve as a foundation for further research into the isolation and bioactivity of secondary metabolites.

  • Formulasi Nasal Spray Anti-Influenza yang Mengandung Nanopartikel Perak Nasal Spray Anti-Influenza Nanopartikel Perak

    Sutriyo, Wilbert Wylie, Kurnia Sari Setio Putri, Okti Nadia Poetri, Ratika Rahmasari
    191-201
    Abstract: 409 | PDF 191-201 (Bahasa Indonesia): 731

    Abstract

    Influenza A virus is one of the most common causes of respiratory disease in the world. Even though, vaccines and anti-influenza virus are become the first line for therapy, but the mutation ability of influenza virus is able to cause several outbreaks in the world. Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) have been proven to exhibit antiviral activity; however, the use of AgNP in pharmaceutical products is still limited. In this study, we aimed to formulate nasal spray containing AgNP, to evaluate its physicochemical properties, and its antiviral activity toward H5N1 influenza A virus. AgNP were synthesized using chemical reduction method with polyvinyl alcohol as stabilizer, and further prepared into nasal spray product. Physicochemical properties and anti-hemagglutination activity of nasal spray were further evaluated. The nasal spray contained different size of AgNP (less and more than 50 nm) showed physical stability after 28 days storage. However, Anti-influenza evaluation of nasal spray contained AgNP less than 50 nm exhibited better anti-hemagglutination activity against influenza A virus.

  • Cost Analysis Terapi Antidiabetik pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Rawat Inap di RSU Anwar Medika

    Marthy Meliana Ariyanti Jalmav, Yuniati Yuniati Hoiriyah
    202-209
    Abstract: 250 | PDF 202-209 (Bahasa Indonesia): 315

    Abstract

    Diabetes is a complex chronic disease that requires ongoing medical care with multifactorial risk reduction strategies beyond glycemic control. This study aims to describe the direct medical costs from the perspective of Anwar Medika General Hospital in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients who use the National Health Insurance (JKN) facility and to see the difference between real costs (total direct medical costs) and INA CBG's costs. The study was retrospective for the past 1 year, namely January-December 2020. The subjects of this study were 54 patients. Mann- Whitney analysis is used to see the suitability of real costs with INA-CBG's tariffs. The results of this study show that the total real cost for JKN type 2 DM patients at Anwar Medika Hospital for the January-December 2020 period is Rp. 269,807,380 and there is a difference between real costs and INA-CBG's costs in class 3 of - 4,190,371 where INA-CBG's costs are -4,190,371. CBG's are less than the real hospital costs. The test results using the Mann-Whitney method show an insignificant difference between real costs and INA-CBG's rates. The result p=0.458 where p>0.05 is said to be insignificant. This could be due to a cross-subsidy between INA CBG’s rate claims of fully unused patients and patients who spend more on treatment costs exceeding INA CBG’s rates.

  • Uji Resistensi Nyamuk Aedes aegypti terhadap Cypermetrin 0,05% di Bandara Sultan Syarif Kasim II Pekanbaru Tahun 2020

    Dedes Handayani
    210-215
    Abstract: 221 | PDF 210-215 (Bahasa Indonesia): 564

    Abstract

    Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one vector-borne disease caused by the Aedes aegypti mosquito vector. One way to control the Aedes aegypti mosquito vector is to use insecticides. The insecticide used must be known for its efficacy, safety and resistance status. The use of cypermethrin as an insecticide in controlling the Aedes aegypti mosquito at Sultan Syarif Kasim II Airport Pekanbaru needs to know its resistance status. This study aims to determine the resistance status of the Aedes aegypti mosquito to the insecticide cypermethrin at Sultan Syarif Kasim II Airport, Pekanbaru. The method in this research is descriptive with a cross sectional study design. The independent variable was the Aedes aegypti mosquito exposed to insecticide at Sultan Syarif Kasim II Airport Pekanbaru, while the dependent variable was the Aedes aegypti mosquito susceptibility status. The resistance test method refers to The World Health Organization Susceptibility Test criteria. The resistance test using WHO standard impregnated paper showed that the percentage of mosquito that died after being exposed to impregnated paper containing 0.05% Cypermethrin for 24 hours at Sultan Syarif Kasim II Airport Pekanbaru was 81.5% (Tolerant Phase). There has been a tolerance for the use of 0.05% Cypermethrin against the population of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Sultan Syarif Kasim II Airport, Pekanbaru.

  • Artikel Review: Potensi Kurma Sebagai Sumber Nutrasetikal dan Pangan Fungsional

    Marisca Evalina Gondokesumo, Retno Wilujeng Susilowati
    216-231
    Abstract: 2103 | PDF 216-231 (Bahasa Indonesia): 2227

    Abstract

    Dates are cultivate as a staple food in many countries, especially in the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, and the Middle East. Dates fruits and date seeds as their by-products have nutritional and health values. It is an abundant source of carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and protein. They are high-source minerals and B complex vitamins, such as thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenate (B5), pyridoxine (B6), and folate (B9). Based on literature studies, the fruit and seeds of dates are also rich in phytochemicals, such as phenolics, anthocyanins, carotenoids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, and phytosterols. However, date fruits and seeds have not been fully utilized as functional food ingredients with numerous potential to be developed into foods that promote health benefits. Several studies have reported the health benefits of dates in in-vitro and in-vivo conditions. Further research will provide valuable information for the potential utilization of date fruit and seeds as nutritional and functional food ingredients. This review article provides comprehensive information on the bioactive compounds and nutraceutical properties of date fruits and seeds, as well as their potential for use as functional food ingredients.