Vol. 12 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia

View Vol. 12 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia

JFI 12-1

JFI Online Volume 12 Nomor 1, Januari 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.35617/jfionline.v12i1
Published: 31-01-2020

Articles

  • Aktivitas Antikolesterol Kombinasi Ekstrak Eksokarp Buah Semangka (Citrullus Lanatus (Thunb.) dan Ekstrak Daun Salam (Syzygium Polyanthum) pada Mencit Jantan Galur balb/c ANTICHOLESTEROL ACTIVITY OF WATERMELON EXOCARP EXTRACT (Citrullus Lanatus (Thunb.)) AND BAY LEAF EXTRACT (Syzygium Polyanthum) IN MALE MICE OF balb/c STRAIN

    Ikhwan Yuda Kusuma, Noryana, Peppy Octaviani
    1-7
    Abstract: 354 | PDF 1-7 (Bahasa Indonesia): 537

    Abstract

    Watermelon fruit exocarp (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) and bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum) are both known to contain flavonoid compounds with anticholesterol properties. This study aims to determine the comparison of the effects of watermelon fruit exocarp extract with bay leaf extract in single, and the combination of both in reducing cholesterol levels. Hypercholesterolemia induction was done by giving propylthiouracil (PTU) suspension. This research method was conducted experimentally with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. Mice were divided into 6 groups, i.e., experimental groups (1, 2, and 3) with negative control (K-), positive control (K+), and normal control (KN). The doses used were (K1) watermelon fruit exocarp extract 500 mg/kg, (K2) bay leaf extract 400 mg/kg, and (K3) combination of watermelon fruit exocarp extract and bay leaf extract 500: 400 mg/kg, all treatment was given for 14 days. The (K-) group was given 1% Na-CMC, K+ was given Simvastatin 10 mg/kgBB, and (KN) without treatment.    The results of this study showed a reduction in total cholesterol levels in mice in the K+, K-, and KN groups, i.e., 50.67±35.82mg/dL, 2.67±1.89mg/dL, and 6.66±4.70mg/dL, respectively. While in the K1, K2, and K3 test groups, cholesterol levels decreased, i.e., 51±36.06 mg/dL, 50.33±35.59 mg/dL, and 86.67±61.28mg/dL, respectively. Regarding to our result, the three groups showed an effect in lowering the total cholesterol level in mice with the average cholesterol level in the pre-test and post-test. The highest decrease showed on the combination group compared to the single group.

  • Analisis Outcome Terapi Amikasin Terhadap Penurunan Sesak Nafas Pada Pneumonia Pediatrik di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau

    Septi Muharni, Sulastri, Nesa Agistia, Husnawati, Fina Aryani, Meiriza Djohari
    8-20
    Abstract: 366 | PDF 8-20 (Bahasa Indonesia): 814

    Abstract

    Amikacin is one of the aminoglycoside antibiotics that is bactericid and is included in the narrow therapeutic index group. The use of antibiotics must be appropriate in order to achieve maximum therapeutic outcome. This study aims to determine the correlation of the use of amikacin antibiotics to the achievement of therapeutic outcomes for reducing shortness of breath in pediatric pneumonia in Arifin Achmad Hospital, Riau Province. This research is observational research descriptive analitic coss sectrional on 20 medical records of patients pneumonia pediatric. Based on the analysis of the correlation between gender and age range, it has moderate and insignificant correlation with the outcome of amikacin therapy (r = 0.404 and p value = 0.143), (r = 0.452 and p value = 0.274) and the severity of breathing towards the therapeutic outcome of using amikacin was strongly correlated and significant (r = 0.675; P = 0.002). These results indicate that the use of amikacin changes the therapeutic outcome and the therapeutic outcome is influenced by the severity of the patient's breathing

  • Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Kunyit Hitam (Curcuma caesia) dalam Melindungi Fungsi dan Struktur Ginjal Tikus yang Diinduksi Parasetamol Dosis Toksik

    Yulia Yusrini Djabir, Farid Fani Temarwut, Peter Kabo
    21-28
    Abstract: 625 | PDF 21-28 (Bahasa Indonesia): 858

    Abstract

    Excessive use or overdose of paracetamol can result in increased reactive metabolites that can disrupt the integrity of cell membranes and lead to kidney damage. This study aims to determine the effect of black turmeric (Curcuma caesia) rhizome extract in preventing functional impairment and structural damage to the kidneys caused by paracetamol toxicity. This research was conducted experimentally using 20 rats which were divided into a negative control group which was only treated with a placebo, and treatment groups that were given black turmeric rhizome extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg, and a positive control group that was treated with curcuma tablets at a dose of 127.82 mg/Kg. Based on measurements of serum urea and creatinine levels of black turmeric rhizome extract at all doses were able to prevent an increase in kidney biomarkers, where the test results between groups were p <0.05, histopathological results at a dose of 200 mg/kg showed very minimal kidney damage compared to the placebo group . It was concluded that giving black turmeric ethanol extract, especially at a dose of 200 mg/kg-BW, has the potential to prevent damage to kidney tissue structure and function induced by toxic doses of paracetamol compared to the 100 mg/Kg and 300 mg/Kg extract groups which had greater damage to the kidney structure.

  • Studi Interaksi Obat Antidiabetes Metformin dan Glibenklamid dengan Jamu pada Tikus Diabetes yang Diinduksi Aloksan

    Elza Sundhani, Diniatik, Zainur Rahman Hakim, Ika Nurzijah, Ardiasa Prakoso, Nur Fajrina, Muhamad Rifki, Zaenal Arifin Misgi Candra Dasa
    29-37
    Abstract: 921 | PDF 29-37 (Bahasa Indonesia): 2822

    Abstract

    Jamu is widely used in Indonesia as a Complementary and Alternative Medicine to treat Diabetes Mellitus. Potential interactions of metformin and glibenclamide with Jamu can affect the effectiveness of the hypoglycemic activity. This study aimed to examine the interaction of metformin and glibenclamide combined with jamu A (Smallanthus sonchifolius) and jamu B (Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F), Boesenbergia pandurata Roxb, Phyllanthus niruri L, Syzigii polyanthi) in hypoglycemic activity on an alloxan-induced rat. TLC-Densitometer method was used for phytochemical screening of Jamu and ethanolic extract plants. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into ten treatment groups with alloxan (175 mg/Kg BW) as the induction model for DM 2 rats. Blood glucose levels were measured on days 0,-7,-14,and-21. The chromatogram profile results showed that the comparison plants had the same Rf values ​​between jamu A and B. The combination of Metformin with Jamu A and B showed a decrease in hypoglycemic activity, which was thought to be due to the inhibitory activity of metformin absorption, which was not significant compared to the single treatment (p>0.05). The combination of glibenclamide with jamu A and B showed a significant decrease in hypoglycemic activity (p<0.05) compared to the single treatment. The effect of the active compounds in jamu in influencing the activity of CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 enzymes (glibenclamide metabolizing enzymes) or antagonistic effects is predicted to occur in this combination. More research is needed to establish the mechanism of this interaction; however, this study can consider the potential interaction between metformin and glibenclamide with antidiabetics jamu.

  • Evaluasi Mutu Tablet Parasetamol Generik yang Beredar di Wilayah Purwokerto

    Fitri Herline, Sri Sutji Susilowati, Dhadhang Wahyu Kurniawan
    38-47
    Abstract: 1502 | PDF 38-47 (Bahasa Indonesia): 14998

    Abstract

    Paracetamol or acetaminophen is a drug that can be used to reduce fever. Paracetamol also be used for headaches and minor aches. This study aimed to determine the physical conditions and dissolution rate of generic paracetamol tablets that were circulating in Purwokerto. The method of this research is experimental with the samples of generic paracetamol tablets that were circulating in Purwokerto. Evaluation of generic paracetamol tablets were including the size uniformity, weight uniformity, hardness, friability, disintegration, assay, and dissolution test. Dissolution testing is carried out by a paddle type at 50 rpm. Dissolution medium used phosphate buffer pH 5.8 ± 0.5 up to 900 mL. Samples obtained from minutes to 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, and 60 were measured absorbance in the UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of maximum paracetamol (243 nm). The dissolution data disclosure were seen through the concentration at t = 30 min and paracetamol tablets at t = 30 minutes, not less than 85%. The data were analyzed descriptively and compared with tablets requirements according to the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia and other libraries. The results showed that the generic Paracetamol tablets meet the requirements according to Indonesia Pharmacopoeia. That were including the size uniformity, weight uniformity, hardness, friability, disintegration, and assay. Dissolution test for all generic Paracetamol tablets meet the requirements of 85%.

  • Penentuan Total Fenolik, Flavonoid dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak dan Fraksi Daun Kedabu (Sonneratia ovata Backer)

    Mustika Furi, Nursinta Al Basit, Ihsan Ikhtiarudin, Rahayu Utami
    48-59
    Abstract: 457 | PDF 48-59 (Bahasa Indonesia): 881

    Abstract

    Kedabu (Sonneratia ovata Backer) is plant that belongs to family Lytheraceae which has been used as traditional medicine. Determination of total phenolic and total flavonoid content as well as antioxidant activity of extract and fractions of its leaves have been conducted by colorimetric method using photometric measurements. The Folin Ciocalteu and gallic acid was used as reagent and standard for total phenolic determination, meanwhile AlCl3 and quercetin was prepared for total flavonoid content test. Antioxidant activity assay was performed using DPPH free radical scavenging method. Based on the result, it showed that ethyl acetate fraction afforded the highest total phenolic and total flavonoid content with values of 232 mgGAE/g and 180 mgQE/g, respectively. As for the antioxidant activity, the ethyl acetate fractions also demonstrated the most potential activity among others fraction and extract with IC50 value of 12,47 µg/mL.

  • The Relationship of Secretory Phospholipase A2 Type IIa Levels with Glomerulus Filtration Rate in Type 2 DM Patients

    Nadifa Kartika Dewi, Mila Citrawati, Dhigna Luthfiyani, Harli Amir Mahmudji
    60-67
    Abstract: 120 | PDF 60-67: 88

    Abstract

    Phospholipase/sPLA2 type IIA is a mediator that connects the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. Diabetic nephropathy is the most frequent microvascular complication, with albumin urine and changes in glomerular filtration rate. This study aimed to discover the relation between sPLA2 type IIA levels in diabetic patients with glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This study used the crossectional method in 62 samples in RSJ. Prof. Dr. Soerojo Magelang. Sampling was done by total sampling, and medical records were used as an instrument. This research was conducted in patients with sPLA2 type IIA levels and had complete laboratory examination data in 2016. The results showed that the level of sPLA2 type IIA was very high in diabetic patients, and GFR was below standard. Pearson correlation analysis showed no significant correlation between type IIA sPLA2 and GFR (p=0.318), with a positive but weak correlation (r=0.129) with the diabetic duration of 8 years. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted in 21 samples in which GFR values were ≤60 (p=0.0712), resulting in a negative direction (r=-0.086) with a diabetes duration of 11 years. It was shown that diabetic patients with increased levels of sPLA2 type IIA and more extended periods of diabetes would affect the decrease in GFR value.

  • Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Efektivitas Hematinik pada Pasien Hamil di Puskesmas Kecamatan Matraman

    Nadia Farhanah Syafhan, Meiliani Shara Suria L, Azizahwati
    68-75
    Abstract: 178 | PDF 68-75 (Bahasa Indonesia): 338

    Abstract

    The government has been giving hematinic that contains 200 mg of ferro sulfas and 0.25 mg of folic acid to pregnant patient since 1970, but anaemia prevalence in pregnant patient at Matraman primary health care has been still relatively high. This research aimed to analyze factors that were influencing hematinic effectiveness that has been used by pregnant patient at Matraman primary health care. The method used for this research was cross-sectional study with purposive sampling technique. Data was obtained from the result of laboratory test for haemoglobin level and interview using valid and reliable questionnaire. Respondents of this research were pregnant patient who used hematinics that were given from government and their haemoglobin level had been measured at least twice during their pregnancy. Total respondent who met the inclusion criteria were 85 patients. Based on the result, there were significant association between tea consumption habits and haemoglobin level (p=0.000) and also significant association between patient adherence on hematinic consumption and haemoglobin level (p=0.004). But there were no significant association between dietary habit and haemoglobin level (p=0,105) and between how to consume hematinic and haemoglobin level (p=0,684). This study showed factors influencing hematinic effectiveness were tea consumption habits and patient adherence on hematinic consumption.

  • Pengaruh Penggunaan Medication Aids terhadap Tingkat Ketaatan Pasien Peptik Ulkus di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau

    Fina Aryani, Septi Muharni, Yudina Awaliyah Harahap
    76-85
    Abstract: 274 | PDF 76-85 (Bahasa Indonesia): 270

    Abstract

    Peptic ulcer is a disease which characterized by injury of  gastrointestinal tract due to the high production of acids and pepsin because of Helicobacter pylori infection, NSAIDs and stress. The recommendation for its therapy depends on the cause of the ulcer. It takes eight weeks for the treatment and patient is required to be obedient in taking the drug. An effort to improve patient compliance is by using medication aids. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of medication aids on the level of adherence in treatment of ulcer peptic patients in Riau. Medication aids used are pill reminder containers and disposable packaging. This research used quasi experiment method, with Non-Randomized Control Group Pretest and Posttest Design which was done on 60 patients grouped into 30 control group patients and 30 treatment group patients during May - July 2017. Accidental sampling method that meets the inclusion criteria of ultrasound peptic patients caused by NSAIDs, 18 years old and willing to be a respondent. Data collection of patient compliance using standard questionnaires namely Morisky Medication Adherence Scale 8 (MMAS-8). Thedata were analyzed using Mann-Whitney statistic test. The results showed that p = 0,000 (p <0,05), meaning that there is influence of medication aids on the level of obedient peptic ulcer patient.

  • Monitoring Efek Samping Obat Antituberkulosis Fase Intensif dan Lanjutan Pasien Dewasa Tuberkulosis di RSUD Kota Bandung

    Siti Thannisa Aisiyah Gumanti, Dhigna L. C. P., Via Rifkia
    86-93
    Abstract: 834 | PDF 86-93 (Bahasa Indonesia): 1196

    Abstract

    Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis which can be transmitted through sputum splashes. The use of antituberculosis drugs can cause a variety of side effects depending on the duration of TB treatment. Based on TB treatment conditions that have a long duration of drug administration and many types of drugs, there will be a high risk of side effects or toxicity. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of side effects arising from TB drugs at the Bandung City Hospital and the factors causing the incidence of side effects during TB treatment. This research method the author uses a descriptive observational method with a cross sectional approach. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria with a minimum sample of 34 and excursion criteria for TB patients with sepsis complications. The results of the comparative test obtained a p-value of 0.549 > 0.05 which showed that there was no significant difference between the side effects of the drug that arose in new patients and relapse patients.

  • Potensi Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) sebagai Agen Anti-Hipergikemia: Studi Literatur POTENTIAL OF MORINGA LEAF (Moringa oleifera) AS ANTI-HYPERGLICEMIC AGENT: A LITERATUR REVIEW

    Ikhwan Yuda Kusuma, Yuyun Pujiarti, Galih Samodra
    94-99
    Abstract: 394 | PDF 94-99 (Bahasa Indonesia): 1654

    Abstract

    Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a carbohydrate metabolism disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia). According to data from the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) 2017, the number of people with diabetes has reached 415 million and is expected to continue to increase in 2040 to around 642 million (55%). One alternative treatment for diabetes is herbal plants, including Moringa oleifera leaves which are rich in nutrients, such as phytochemicals, carotene, flavonoid compounds, phenolic compounds, calcium, iron, protein, vitamins, and contain antioxidants that can stabilize free radicals. So that it can be used as protection against diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to determine the potential of Moringa oleifera leaves in reducing blood sugar levels based on the scientific data collected. This research uses the Literature Review method by searching scientific journals online on the PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases published in 2010-2020 with data collection techniques using the PICO approach (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome). The results of reviews in several journals, Moringa oleifera leaves have the potential to significantly reduce blood sugar levels both in experimental and clinical trials; even the use of a combination of metformin and moringa oleifera shows a significant effect on lipid profile, insulin resistance, blood glucose reduction, and significant weight loss compared with metformin alone. This indicates that Moringa leaves are proven to have the effect of lowering glucose levels in the blood.

  • Penetapan Kadar Fenolik Ekstrak Metanol Rumput Polygala (Polygala paniculata L.) dengan Metode KLT-Densitometri

    Aktsar Roskiana ahmad, Dwiyanti Puspitasari, Virsa Handayani
    100-104
    Abstract: 687 | PDF 100-104 (Bahasa Indonesia): 529

    Abstract

    Polygala grass (Polygala paniculata L.) is a plant that grows a lot in the Enrekang area, South Sulawesi. Polygala grass (Polygala paniculata L.) belongs to the Polygalaceae family which is widely used by the community as a medicine to treat wound. This study aims to determine the phenolic content in the methanol extract of polygala grass (Polygala paniculata L.). Methanol extract of polygala grass (Polygala paniculata L.) was obtained by maceration method with methanol P as solvent. Chemical component analysis used thin layer chromatography (TLC) method which was marked by the appearance of stains. The determination of phenolic content of methanol extract of polygala grass (Polygala paniculata L.) using the TLC-Densitometry method. The results showed that the phytochemical test on the methanol extract of polygala grass (Polygala paniculata L.) was positive for 35.280 µg of phenolic compounds.