JFIOnline | Print ISSN 1412-1107 | e-ISSN 2355-696X

Analisis Pengelolaan Obat di Puskesmas Margamulya Kecamatan Bekasi Utara Tahun 2021

Taufiq Indra Rukmana — 2023-07-31

Primary Health Center still has problem in drug management, especially in drug availability, storage, and drug inventory control. This study aims to analyze whether drug management at the Margamulya Primary Health Center in 2021 met the standard indicators of drug management. This study used observational descriptive research methods. Data collection was carried out using secondary data tracing (retrospective), direct observation (concurrent), and interviews. The collected data were then analyzed with drug management indicators consisting of 26 indicators. The analysis results showed that drug management at the Margamulya Primary Health Center met 9 indicators, but did not meet 15 indicators, when compared to standards. In addition, 2 indicators could not be analyzed because of lack of data. Thus, it is necessary to review aspects of drug inventory control, to increase the number, soft skills and knowledge of pharmacist in pharmaceutical services, and to implement management information system in the Primary Health Center.

Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Obat Gastritis yang diiklankan di Televisi Terhadap Perilaku Swamedikasi Masyarakat di Apotek Se-Kecamatan Bangkinang Kota, Kabupaten Kampar, Provinsi Riau

Fina Aryani — 2023-07-31

Gastritis is a condition where the production of acid in the stomach can cause irritation. To treat gastritis, patients can do self-medication (self-medication). The factors that influence self-medication are sources of information such as advertisements on television. Self-medication behavior requires knowledge so that treatment is safe and rational. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge of gastritis medicine advertised on television and self-medication behavior in pharmacies in Bangkinang District, Riau Province. The type of research is observational, descriptive analytic method with cross sectional design and data collection simultaneously. Sampling was done by purposive sampling in order to obtain a total sample of 110 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. The results of the statistical test obtained a p value < 0.05, which means that there is a relationship between knowledge of gastritis medicine advertised on television and self-medication behavior in pharmacies throughout Bangkinang District, Riau Province.

Analisis Tingkat Pengetahuan dengan Kepatuhan Berobat Pasien Tuberkulosis di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Provinsi NTB

Lalu Jupriadi — 2023-07-31

Tuberculosis (TB) is still a problem that must be addressed in the community, treatment programs and management guidelines have also been undertaken by the government to handle this case according to national standards. This is because there is still a high rate of non-adherence to treatment in TB patients. One of the causes of the high incidence of tuberculosis is due to knowledge, in this case the level of one's knowledge has a relationship with adherence to taking anti-tuberculosis medication. The number of people with pulmonary tuberculosis continues to increase from 2020 to 2022. This is because the high rate of non-adherence to treatment in tuberculosis (TB) patients is still high. Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which infects latently or progressively attacks the lungs. Purpose: This study was conducted to analyze the relationship between the level of knowledge of tuberculosis patients about tuberculosis and adherence to treatment of outpatient pulmonary tuberculosis patients at the Regional General Hospital of West Nusa Tenggara Province in 2022. Methods: This study was conducted using a Cross Sectional Study design. Population: in this study, the population used was patients with outpatient pulmonary tuberculosis at the Regional General Hospital of West Nusa Tenggara Province with a total sample of 57 respondents. Measuring tools used in the form of questionnaires and form TB 01. Data analysis using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test. Result: this study shows that there is a relationship between knowledge and medication adherence (p=0.025). It can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between knowledge and adherence to treatment in outpatient pulmonary tuberculosis patients at the Regional General Hospital of West Nusa Tenggara Province in 2022.

Aktivitas Antimikroba Fraksi Etil Asetat Kulit Buah Jeruk Manis (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck)

Melzi Octaviani — 2023-07-31

The sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) is a popular fruit. The part of the sweet orange that is consumed is only the fruit flesh, while the orange peel is only thrown away and not utilized. The sweet orange peel contains several secondary metabolites, namely alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, and steroids, which have antimicrobial properties. This study aims to determine the effect of the concentration of the ethyl acetate fraction of sweet orange peel on antibacterial and antifungal activity in Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, and Candida albicans fungi using the disc diffusion method. The ethyl acetate fraction was prepared in several concentration series, namely 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.125%, and 1.5625% w/v. The results obtained showed that all concentrations of the ethyl acetate fraction series showed activity in inhibiting the growth of Salmonella typhi bacteria. Series concentrations of 3.125% to 50% have activity in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans fungi. The results of the data analysis using statistical one-way ANOVA showed that the antibacterial and antifungal activities between the concentration series were significantly different (p<0.05) from the negative control.

Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.): Review Tanaman Liar yang Berpotensi Sebagai Tanaman Obat

Haiyul Fadhli — 2023-07-31

Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) has been widely used as a traditional medicine in several countries and regions in Indonesia, such as to increase blood flow and relieve body aches, asthma, diabetes, chickenpox, cough medicine, fever, diarrhea, hypertension, and back pain. This article reviews the potential of ciplukan to overcome various health problems. The preparation of this review article uses references from research articles related to the results of phytochemical screening, the isolation of secondary metabolites, and biological activity tests (pharmacology) of Physalis angulata plants reported in the last 10 (ten) years. This plant contains many secondary metabolite compounds isolated from its roots, leaves, stems, and fruits, such as physalin, withanolide, and flavonoid glycoside compounds. Several studies have reported that this plant has biological and pharmacological activities such as antioxidants, toxicity, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, antibacterial, antifibrotic, and anti-hypercholesterolemia.

Pengembangan Metode Analisis Sitrinin dan Upaya Penurunan Produksi Sitrinin dalam Fermentasi Cair Monascus purpureus

Catur Jatmika — 2023-07-31

Citrinin, a fluorescent compound that contaminates a number of agricultural products, is a toxic compound especially to the kidneys and liver. This study aimed to develop analysis method for citrinin by HPLC and to reduce the level of citrinin in broth extract from Monascus purpureus fermentation microbiologically. The citrinin extraction method from fermentation broth was optimized by various pH and extracting solvents. The citrinin extract was incubated with Bacillus firmus bacteria at various growth phases. The levels of citrinin in the extract decreased significantly after incubating for 24 hours with the bacteria. Citrinin was analyzed HPLC by fluorescence detector at λ_exc 330 nm and λ_em 500 nm, mobile phase 0.033 M phosphoric acid: acetonitrile (1: 1), flow rate 1 mL/min with an average retention time of 6.1 minutes. The recovery was in the range of 78-83%. The precision method as shown by the coefficient of variance of 2.1%, with limit of detection and quantitation 0.03 µg/mL and 0.11 µg/mL respectively. Linearity was expressed by a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9996 and a coefficient of variation of the regression function (V_x0) of 1.3%. The citrinin level in the extract was 0.69 µg/mL. The levels of citrinin after incubation with nutrient broth media contain bacterial culture aged 5 hours, 9 hours, and 14 hours were 0.56 ± 0.03, 0.27 ± 0.02, 0.26 ± 0.01, and 0.24 ± 0.01 µg/mL, respectively. Incubation of Bacillus firmus bacteria on citrinin extract significantly reduced the levels of citrinin in the extract.

Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan Penggunaan Obat Tradisional Hipertensi pada Penderita Hipertensi di Kabupaten Pelalawan Provinsi Riau

Husnawati Husnawati — 2023-07-31

Traditional medicine is an ingredient or ingredient in the form of plant material, animal material, mineral material, sarian preparation, or a mixture of these materials which have been used. One of the traditional treatments carried out by the community is for the treatment of hypertension. Knowledge is the result of knowing and occurs after someone has sensed a certain object. This study aims to describe the level of knowledge of the use of traditional hypertension drugs in patients with hypertension. The benefits of this study are to know the level of knowledge of hypertension sufferers in using traditional hypertension drugs. The design in this study was an observational study with descriptive methods. The sample was selected using purposive sampling technique. Data collection wasdone by using a questionnaire. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the description of the level of knowledge of respondents in using traditional hypertension medicine was generally categorized as good, namely as many as 77 respondents, the level of knowledge of respondents in the sufficient category as many as 20 respondents and as many as 3 respondents had a low level of knowledge.

Overview of Antipsycotic Using on Schizophrenic Patients in Hospitals Indramayu City

Dona Suzana — 2023-07-31

Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder characterized by disturbances in thinking processes, perceptions, emotional responses, and social interactions. The therapy commonly used in the treatment of schizophrenia is antipsychotic or psychotropic drugs. The use of psychotropic drugs is the first step in overcoming and following up on mental disorders. The object of this research is several hospitals that treat patients with psychiatric disorders, namely schizophrenia. Where the subjects used in this study were men/women with schizophrenia aged 18 to 60 years in the city of Indramayu who are undergoing treatment at the hospital for the 2020-2022 period. This study aims to describe the use of antipsychotic classes that are used as one of the pharmacological therapies in patients. This research method uses a descriptive quantitative method, while the sample fee used in this study is the slovin calculation formula, with a total population of 875 and a sample of 274 is obtained. The results obtained are based on the proportion of sex, mostly male patients (62.4%), the highest proportion of the age range was found in early adulthood (70.8%), the highest diagnosis was YTT schizophrenia (46%). Then patients with a history of not going to school (63.5%) and a history of not working (88.3%). Most of the data obtained were patients who experienced mild recurrence of 62%. As for the large number of patient histories with mild or insignificant recurrence, this can influence the factors supporting the success of treatment, namely the use of insurance. This opinion was obtained from patient payment status data, in which the most widely used payment status was the use of insurance by 82.1%. In data on the use of the single antipsychotic that is most widely used in each type of schizophrenia is the antipsychotic haloperidol and the combination that is most widely used is haloperidol-chlorpromazine

Analisis Kebutuhan Formulasi Kebijakan Program Pengembangan Karier Apoteker Non Aparatur Sipil Negara

Rasta Naya Pratita — 2023-07-31

The level of public health is determined by the quality of public health services, as stated by WHO, the quantity of health personnel contributing as much as 80% of the success in health services. According to Undang-Undang No 36/2014 regarding Health Worker article1, health works improvement is directed to improve the quality and career of health worker. One of the current problems for health worker is the career path / career improvement. There is still no regulation regarding health worker’s career development aside from health civil worker, especially for pharmacist, that also suffer from the lack of synchronization of the career development program between the one from the government and the one from the pharmacist organization. Qualitative method is used in the research of the process of formulating the related regulations and stakeholder analysis. Primary data is acquired by doing in-depth interview with chosen informant, and literature research is used as secondary data. The result shows that all the interviewed stakeholders are supporting and committing in the Pharmacist’s career development program. Pharmacist organization along with the government are of two of the most important actors regarding the implementation of this program. The competency certification and specialization education program are expected to be the right options for the pharmacist career development program. On the other side, the interaction, advocacy and communication process between the stakeholders in pharmacist organization and the government still need improvement, and there are many of the pharmacist itself that not aware of the career development program. Therefore improvement in stakeholder’s coordination and communication is a must.

Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan dengan Perilaku Penggunaan Tablet Hisap Antibiotik pada Masyarakat Kecamatan Bekasi Selatan, Kota Bekasi, Jawa Barat

Sherly Tandi Arrang — 2023-07-31

Infection is a disease that can occur at any age, caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, or protozoa. Drugs used to treat infections caused by bacteria are known as antibiotics. A lack of public knowledge can encourage the irrational use of antibiotics and lead to bacterial antibiotic resistance. This study aims to describe the knowledge and behavior of using brand X antibiotics and the relationship between gender, age, education, income, and knowledge with the behavior of using brand X antibiotics in the people of the South Bekasi District. This research is an observational study with the cross-sectional method. This study's measuring tool was a questionnaire distributed to respondents using Google Forms. Analysis of the relationship between gender, education, income, and knowledge with behavior was carried out using the Chi-Square Test. In contrast, the analysis of the relationship between age and behavior used Way ANOVA. The research was conducted on 384 respondents. The majority of respondents in this study were female (62.5%), aged between 17-25 years (56.5%), had a senior high school/vocational school education (54.2%), and had income below Rp—2,500,000 every month (56%). The level of knowledge of respondents in the high category is 57.3%, and the behavior of respondents in the rational category is 50.5%. Factors influencing the behavior of using antibiotic lozenges were education (p=0.000), income (0.003), and knowledge (p=0.000), while gender (p=0.562) and age (p=0.280) had no relationship with use behavior brand X antibiotic lozenges.

Formulasi dan Evaluasi Sediaan Granul Mukoadhesif Amoksisilin Trihidrat dengan Polimer Kitosan

Rosmawati — 2023-07-31

Infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) merupakan infeksi saluran pernapasan yang mengakibatkan gangguan aktivitas pernapasan normal. Amoksisilin merupakan antibiotik pilihan pertama yang umumnya diberikan untuk pasien ISPA. Frekuensi penggunaan obat akan memengaruhi kepatuhan pasien dalam minum obat untuk mencapai keberhasilan terapi. Formulasi granul mukoadhesif Amoksisilin trihidrat dengan penambahan polimer kitosan diharapkan dapat mempertahankan sediaan obat agar tertahan berada lebih lama di lambung sehingga dapat memperkecil frekuensi harian penggunaan obat. Formulasi granul mukoadhesif Amoksisilin trihidrat dirancang dengan penambahan polimer kitosan yang diformulasikan dengan metode granulasi basah. Hasil evaluasi menunjukan peningkatan konsentrasi kitosan dalam formula menunjukan profil pelepasan obat yang semakin diperlama yaitu pada formula 6 dengan konsentrasi kitosan 40% dapat mempertahankan pelepasan obat sebesar 41% selama 6 jam pengujian. Kinetika pelepasan obat dari formula 1, 3, 4, dan 5 cenderung mengikuti kinetika pelepasan higuchi, sedangkan pada formula 2 cenderung mengikuti kinetika pelepasan orde nol dan formula 6 cenderung mengikuti kinetika pelepasan orde satu. Peningkatan konsentrasi kitosan pada tiap formula menunjukan daya mukoadhesif yang baik dan profil pelepasan obat yang semakin diperlama. Pelepasan yang paling baik diperoleh dari formula 5 yaitu mampu memperlambat pelepasan obat lebih dari 50% selama 6 jam pengujian dalam medium HCl 0,1N pH 1,2.

Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Tabir Surya Ekstrak Etanol dan Fraksi Daun Terap (Artocarpus odoratissimus Blanco)

Mustika Furi — 2023-07-31

Plants from genus Artocarpus are known containing phenolic and flavonoid compounds that have potential as antioxidant and sunscreen agent. Terap is one of species plant of Artocarpus genus, which has latin name Artocarpus odorratissimus Blanco. This present study aims to determine the antioxidant and sunscreen activity of ethanol extract and fractions of terap’s leaves. The evaluation was conducted by in vitro assay, which were the antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH method by Microplate Reader and the sunscreen activity was analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results indicated that ethanol extract, ethylacetate and butanol fractions afforded very strong category of antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ values of 44.04; 42.9 and 36.49 µg/mL, respectively, while moderate activity gave by n-hexane fraction with IC₅₀ value of 168.31 µg/mL. As for the sunscreen activity test, the most potential activity exhibited by the ethylacetate fraction at tested concentrations of 500; 250; 200; and 150 µg/mL demonstrated SPF values of 39.45; 37.36; 33.27 and 26.14, respectively; with ultra protection category as well as showed %Te and %Tp values of <1% which categorized as sunblock.